J. Zhang, C. Zhiyong, Q. Yan
Mississippi State University,
United States
Keywords: catalytic thermal molecular welding method, multi-layer nano-shell structure-based graphene materials, lignins, multi-layer curved or flatten graphene sheets, multi-layer nanographene shell connected chains, fluffy graphene, graphene-encapsulated metal or metal carbide nanoparticles
Summary:
Processes, methods and compositions are claimed for the catalytic thermal molecular welding synthesis of multi-layer nano-shell structure-based graphene materials from kraft lignin. Multi-layer nano-shell structure-based graphene materials, such as multi-layer curved or flatten graphene sheets, multi-layer nano-graphene shell connected chains, fluffy graphene, graphene-encapsulated metal or metal carbide nanoparticles, can be produced through altering fabrication conditions. The invention discloses methods and optimized process variables for preparation of catalyst-lignin precursors, pretreatment of precursors, a catalytic thermal carbonization and a catalytic thermal molecular welding process of making multi-layer nano-shell structure-based graphene materials from lignin resources, and post-purification.