R.B. Hayes
North Carolina State University,
United States
Keywords: risk, waste, nuclear, energy, environment
Summary:
Despite its potential to deliver scalable, low-carbon energy, nuclear power remains a controversial topic due to deep-rooted myths, public fears, and often-misunderstood risks. This presentation bridges the gap between radiological science and public perception by combining data-driven risk assessment with a comprehensive review of nuclear energy misconceptions. Through a systems-level comparison of radiation sources—from natural background and medical imaging to nuclear power plants and accidents—this work contextualizes radiological risk in relatable terms. It introduces a gradient of exposure thresholds with known biological effects, correcting common misunderstandings about cancer probabilities, exclusion zones, and evacuation triggers. These insights are extended with data on energy system fatalities, life-cycle emissions, land use intensity, and materials requirements—demonstrating that nuclear energy compares favorably to renewables in many key sustainability metrics. The work also addresses the socio-psychological dimension of radiophobia, emphasizing the role of stress, misinformation, and emotional bias in shaping public opinion and policy. Recent research on the interplay between psychological stress and disease outcomes underscores the need for more nuanced, empathetic science communication. Finally, the presentation outlines a framework for advancing nuclear energy acceptance—rooted in transparency, quantifiable safety standards, and comparative risk analysis—while advocating for integrated strategies that balance nuclear with renewables for a resilient, low-carbon future.